顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复指端组织缺损的临床疗效观察

目的探讨顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣应用于指端组织缺损患者的疗效。方法77例指端组织缺损患者随机分为两组,对照组行指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复术,实验组行顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复术,比较两组的疗效、术后患指功能以及并发症。结果实验组的治疗优良率和术后患指功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组的术后并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣在指端组织缺损患者中应用效果显著,可促进术后患指功能恢复,安全性高。     

Assessing the Effects of Geniculate Artery Embolization in a Nonsurgical Animal Model of Osteoarthritis

PurposeTo create a nonsurgical animal model of osteoarthritis (OA) to evaluate the effects of embolotherapy during geniculate artery embolization (GAE).Materials and MethodsFluoroscopy-guided injections of 700 mg of sodium monoiodoacetate were performed into the left stifle in 6 rams. Kinematic data were collected before and after induction. At 10 weeks after induction, Subjects 1 and 4–6 underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) and Subjects 1, 3, and 4–6 underwent angiography with angiographic scoring to identify regions with greatest disease severity for superselective embolization (75–250-μm microspheres). Target vessel size was measured. At 24 weeks after angiography, DCE-MR imaging, angiography, and euthanasia were performed, and bilateral stifles were harvested. Medial/lateral tibial and femoral condylar, patellar, and synovial samples were cut, preserved, decalcified, and scored using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International criteria. The stifle and synovium Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score and Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study score were determined. The volume transfer constant (K_trans) and extracellular volume fraction (v_e) were calculated from DCE-MR imaging along the lateral synovial regions of interest.ResultsThe mean gross and microscopic pathological scores were elevated at 38 and 61, respectively. Mean synovitis score was elevated at 9.2. Mean pre-embolization and postembolization angiographic scores were 5 and 3.8, respectively. Mean superior, transverse, and inferior geniculate artery diameters were 3.1 mm ± 1.21, 2.0 mm ± 0.50, and 1.6 mm ± 0.41 mm, respectively. Mean pre-embolization and postembolization cartilage and synovitis scores were elevated at 35.13 and 73.3 and 5.5 and 9.2, respectively. The K_trans/v_e values of Subjects 4, 5, and 6 were elevated at 0.049/0.38, 0.074/0.53, and 0.065/0.51, respectively. Altered gait of the hind limb was observed in all subjects after induction, with reduced joint mobility. No skin necrosis or osteonecrosis was observed.ConclusionsA nonsurgical ovine animal knee OA model was created, which allowed the collection of angiographic, histopathological, MR imaging, and kinematic data to study the effects of GAE.     

早孕期监测子宫动脉多普勒参数在预测低危人群不良妊娠结局的价值

目的 建立妊娠11~13+6周子宫动脉多普勒参数在低危人群中的正常参考值，同时评估其对不良妊娠结局的预测价值。方法 收集2019年6月至2021年6月于我院行产前超声检查的妊娠11~13+6周孕妇，根据妊娠结局分组。收集两侧子宫动脉多普勒指标，包括搏动指数（PI）、阻力指数（RI）、舒张早期是否有切迹，以及孕妇基本临床资料和胎儿出生信息，将以上相关参数进行统计学分析。结果 最终纳入800例孕妇，包括正常妊娠结局组740例和不良妊娠结局组60例。两组孕妇体质量指数（BMI）、分娩孕周和胎儿出生体质量比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。随着孕周的增加，子宫动脉两侧平均搏动指数（mPI）、平均阻力指数（mRI）和两侧舒张早期切迹检出率均呈逐渐下降的趋势。ROC曲线分析显示，mPI、mRI及两侧舒张早期切迹预测妊娠结局的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.542、0.574、0.521，三者联合预测妊娠结局的AUC为0.648；孕妇BMI、年龄mPI、mRI及两侧舒张早期切迹预测妊娠结局的AUC为0.751。结论 建立了低危人群在妊娠11~13+6周子宫动脉多普勒参数的正常参考值范围。在妊娠11~13+6周单纯应用子宫动脉多普勒参数预测妊娠结局的价值有限，将子宫动脉参数与临床相关指标结合可提高对不良妊娠结局的预测价值。     

动脉三级淋巴组织与动脉粥样硬化关系的研究进展

学者们对动脉血管的研究常聚焦在血管内膜动脉粥样硬化(As)斑块的形成,而很少关注血管外膜的免疫反应及其对疾病病程的影响。前期研究发现,老龄的ApoE－/－小鼠动脉外膜出现免疫细胞的有序集聚,形成类似淋巴结的异位淋巴组织,称之为动脉三级淋巴组织(ATLO),其形成对内膜As具有明显的调控作用。ATLO的发现及研究为As的研究指明了新的方向,并为其他疾病状况下三级淋巴组织(TLO)的研究提供了很好的范例。因此,阐明TLO的特点及形成机制对As的防治具有重要的意义,并为其在其他疾病中的临床运用提供坚实的基础。     

A cross-sectional study on coronary artery disease diagnosis in patients with peripheral artery disease

PurposeCompared with healthy individuals, patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) generally have a very high risk of subclinical Coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular events. To determine the correlation between CAD in PAD patients, thereby promoting the lifetime of PAD patients and reducing the serious impacts of CAD.MethodsThis clinical-based cross-sectional study comprised 100 consecutive patients in India from 2014 to 2016. In this research, PAD patients were screened for CAD by treadmill stress test and cardiac colour Doppler examination. In addition, this study performed coronary angiography followed by peripheral angiography for patients who could not perform the treadmill test.ResultsWith the statistical results, the study observed a high prevalence of CAD in PAD patients that can be detected only with angiography. Further, 30.93% of asymptomatic CAD prevalence was observed in PAD patients. The study strengthens the need for coronary angiography in all symptomatic lower limb PAD cases to detect early CAD, particularly in patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia.ConclusionThere exists a strong correlation between PAD and CAD. Hence, precise diagnosis followed by supervision of PAD patients is significant for avoiding local progression of cardiovascular risk.     

Prospective Study of Radial Artery Occlusion Following Transradial Arterial Access during IR Procedures

PurposeTo prospectively determine the rate of radial artery occlusion (RAO) in patients undergoing transradial access for intra-arterial interventions.Materials and MethodsSeventy-seven patients undergoing transradial access from August 2019 to March 2021 for 120 intra-arterial procedures (yttrium-90 mapping [n = 39] and radioembolization [n = 38], uterine artery embolization [n = 19], transarterial chemoembolization [n = 10], active bleed embolization [n = 8], angiomyolipoma embolization [n = 4], and other [n = 2]) were enrolled. The average patient age was 59 years ± 13.1 (range, 30–90 years), and 43 (55.8%) of the 77 patients were men. The patients underwent radial artery (RA) palpation, ultrasound evaluation, the Barbeau test, and the reverse Barbeau test prior to and following the intervention. Verapamil, nitroglycerin, and heparin were administered in a total of 114 (95%) of the 120 procedures prior to starting the procedure. The incidence of RAO and radial artery spasm (RAS) was calculated, and univariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the predictors of RAS.ResultsThe preprocedural RA diameter (3.0 mm ± 0.67) was not significantly different from the postprocedural RA diameter (3.0 mm ± 0.65, P = .904). The RAO rate was determined to be 0.8% (1/120), and this artery recanalized within 1 week. Due to the small number of occlusions, statistical analysis of predictors of RAO was not performed. The rate of RAS was 22.7% (27/119). None of the variables tested—including age, sex, RA diameter, initial versus repeat access, operator experience, and artery puncture technique—showed significant prediction for RAS. Patients were seen for follow-up after 111 (92.5%) of the 120 procedures.ConclusionsTransradial access resulted in a <1% rate of RAO.     

浅谈脑梗死的中医病因病机与中医药治疗近况

脑梗死是缺血性卒中之一,随着人口老龄化发展趋势,目前已越居我国居民致残和死亡的首要病因。中医药治疗脑梗死有着重要特色和优势,目前在医学领域中仍占着不可动摇的地位,现就针对古代医家及近现代医家对中风病中医病因病机认识,以及中医药治疗方面针对经典方、经验方、中成药、中医外治等方面进行总结综述。